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Why Does Halving Happen?

Bitcoin was designed with a fixed, predictable monetary supply capped at 21 million BTC. The halving is a core mechanism coded into the protocol designed to predictably slow down the issuance of new coins. Every 210,000 blocks (roughly every 4 years), the block reward—the amount of new bitcoin miners receive for validating transactions—is cut in half.

This periodic "supply shock" naturally increases scarcity. Historically, as the issuance rate falls against steady or rising demand, it has served as a primary catalyst for long-term appreciation in the asset's price, establishing Bitcoin as a decentralized, non-inflationary asset.

Halving Epoch Schedule